Diabetes is an illness that relates to problems with the hormone insulin. When functioning correctly, the pancreas releases insulin which then lets the body retain or utilize sugars and fats taken in through the food we eat.
Diabetes occurs when:
- No insulin is produced
- Insufficient amounts of insulin is produced
- The body does not react to insulin in the correct way, a disorder known as “insulin resistance”
- Suitable management regarding the disease is needed after an individual has been diagnosed with diabetes.
Generally three types of diabetes are referred to, namely:
Type 1 Diabetes:
This is when the beta cells (Insulin-producing cells) are killed by the body’s
immune system. As a result the body does not produce any insulin. Subsequently insulin injections must be used to regulate the blood sugar levels.
Type 1 diabetes may occur from as early as the age of 20 and makes up roughly 10% of all people suffering from diabetes. Type 1 diabetes may occur from as early as the age of 20 and makes up roughly 10% of all people suffering from diabetes.
Type 2 Diabetes:
In this case the pancreas does produce insulin, but it is either an
inadequate amount or the body is resistant to it. Both of these cases result in glucose not being able to enter the body’s cells. It is most commonly found in people who are overweight and usually older than 40 years of age.
There are however instances of type 2 diabetes where this is not the case, and these instances are rising due to the increase in child obesity.
Usually type 2 diabetes is controlled by making healthy lifestyle choices. Sometimes medication is used in addition to a healthy way of living.
Pre-Diabetes is when an individual has higher blood sugar levels than normal, but not yet as high as type 2 diabetes. Pre-diabetes can develop into type 2 diabetes but this can be prevented by living a healthy lifestyle.
Type 2 diabetes can even be completely reversed by means of: A strict
eating plan, regular exercise, the correct health supplements, controlling stress, getting sufficient sleep and drinking a healthy amount of water.
Type 2 diabetes accounts for up to 90% of all diabetes patients.
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Gestational Diabetes:
Gestational diabetes is caused by pregnancy.
During pregnancy the effectiveness of insulin is impaired due to hormone changes. This happens in about 4% of pregnancy cases.
Factors that increase the chance of gestational diabetes are: being over 25 when pregnancy occurs, being over the recommended body weight before the pregnancy or when having a family history of diabetes.
During the pregnancy, a screening test can be done for gestational diabetes. If not treated, gestational diabetes leads to an increased risk of complications to the mother as well as her unborn child.
Normally, blood sugar levels return to normal within 6 weeks of giving birth.
Medication cannot be used during pregnancy:
Women who have suffered from gestational diabetes during pregnancy have a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in their lives.
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